"Health is a state of complete physical?
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines as a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease.
- Weight: indicates the degree of normal nutrition in our body. Varies by size, sex, age and constitution.
- Pulse: is the result of pressure variations that occur during a cardiac cycle, which causes expansion and contraction of the artery walls.
- Vital Capacity: represents the maximum volume of air that can be exchanged in a single lung ventilation.
- Blood pressure is the pressure blood inside the arteries.
-Homogeneous: blood. Number and type of blood cells and plasma chemistry.
- Chemical composition of the urine indicates substances in the urine. The existence of foreign matter, normal or excessive amounts, may indicate disease.
When something is not working properly, it causes disease?
The disease is a disorder is an organic disorder or functional status negatively affects the welfare of a person.
- Traumatic Disorders: caused by traffic accidents, domestic, sporting, labor, etc. .. Example: broken bones.
- Environmental Illness: due to external causes, ie, environmental agents (cold, heat, radiation) Example: burns.
-toxic Diseases: caused by ingestion or inhalation of products harmful to the body.
- Metabolic Diseases: metabolism changes through inheritance or as a result of inadequate nutrition. Example: diabetes.
- Degenerative diseases: anatomical and functional alterations of the tissues of any organ, apparatus or system. Example: osteoarthritis.
- Diseases neopren Astica: lproliferación of cells in an organism. Example: leukemia.
- Mental Illness: affect the psychological behavior of individuals and may be due to organic brain lesions, anatomically known as is the case of phobias.
- Infectious diseases caused by an infectious agent, a microorganism that can spread from one person to another and spread the disease. Example: the flu.
Are there behaviors that encourage the development of disease?: Drug use.
- Drugs: is any substance introduced into the body affects the nervous system and causes changes in the behavior of a person. Drug dependence and tolerance.
- Unit: is the reactions that create the need for a particular substance, whether to feel its effects or to avoid discomfort that produces the deprivation of that substance ...
- Tolerance: to consume a substance repeatedly, the body adapts to them, so that to achieve the same effect sse need to increase the dose.
- Alcohol: ethyl alcohol or ethanol found in alcoholic beverages, which are obtained by fermentation of vegetable juices, sometimes followed by distillation.
- Snuff: the snuff is made from the leaves of the plant of snuff and inhaled the smoke produced by combustion. In the smoke of snuff can find various toxic substances: tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide, irritating substances.
- Drugs: drugs are substances intended for medical purposes and aims to prevent and cure diseases. Garlic should be used medical control.
- Amphetamines: activate the central nervous system, causing loss of appetite and disturb sleep.
- Barbitóricos: is used in the treatment of insomnia. In overdose may eventually lead to coma or death.
- Narcotic analgesics: are used in treatments for pain in extreme cases, as in terminal cancer patients. Example: morphine and methadone, the latter is used to treat heroin dependence.
· Psychotropic substances Cannabis: is derived from cannabis sativa plant whose leaves are made preparations such as marijuana, hashish or joints.
· Heroin appears as a white powder dissolved is injected into a vein.
· Cocaine: obtained from the daughter of coca.
· Anorexia and bulimia: are diseases that manifest as eating disorders when left untreated can endanger the lives of people who suffer.
Anorexia is characterized by a fear of body image that makes people feel and look fat when they are not.
This leads to:
* Eat less and less.
* Perform strenuous physical exercise.
* Use diuretics and laxatives.
traffic accidents: they are very common in children under 25 years. One of the causes of these accidents is the use of drugs before driving, as these reduce glare, create a false self-confidence and adaptation of reckless behavior, sensory disturbances, drowsiness, fatigue and muscle fatigue.
Do Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms?
- Microorganisms beings smaller than 0.1 mm that can only be seen salt microscope. They can consist of 1 single cell, and may even be several acellular structures.
- Bacteria: prokaryotes are unicellular organisms, ie without nuclear membrane. They have 2 involved, plasma membrane and cell wall. Some have a 3 rd envelope called capsule. Others have flagella.
In the cytoplasm there are large numbers of ribosomes and in an area of \u200b\u200bthe cytoplasm is the genetic material.
- Viruses: are living structures consist of a case or cover of proteins Call capsid that contains a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA or, never both). Have playback features, but not nutrition.
- Fungi: are unicellular organisms and heterotrophic eukaryotes. They live in damp places on dead organic matter (saprophytic fungi), inside or outside of other things that are harmful (parasitic fungi), or associated with algae to form lichens (symbiotic fungi).
- Protozoa: unicellular organisms are eukaryotes. They live in freshwater and at sea and some in liquid form part of multicellular organisms, such as blood.
"diseases infectious spread from person to person, spreading the disease?
- Direct contact: with other people or with contaminated objects. Example: syphilis and gonorrhea.
- Inhaled: water droplets or saliva laden with germs, they leave behind people when they cough or sneeze within walking distance. Example: influenza, diphtheria, tuberculosis, ...
- Ingestion: liquids or foods contaminated by germs from dirty containers, dirty hands, flies, mice and pets. Example: salmonellosis.
- For insects and other vectors: (calling or called vectors the animals that carry the disease carrying the microbe that produces it) Example: malaria.
- For indirect contact: certain actions of humans favors the transmission of germs. Example: hepatitis.
"prevented the microorganisms enter the body?
beings have developed an intricate network of defenses in order to prevent entry of microorganisms.
These defenses or barriers may be nonspecific, such as skin, mucous membranes and specialized cells that are phagocytosis in macrophages, transported by the blood and lymph.
skin and mucous membranes are the first structures defensive features a body. The skin is a very effective rapping, as microorganisms can only get through if there is breakage or injury.
Do we have specialized cells that remove foreign materials for the body?
The second defensive barrier that a microorganism is the revascularization external barriers such as skin and mucous membranes, is formed by cells to "engulf" the foreign elements, that is, treat these as if they were their food introducing them in a (phagocytic vacuole) by protrusions of the cytoplasm called pseudopodia, then run (digestive vacuoles) using substances called "Digestive enzymes", which are destroyed.
Antigens are "on alert signals to the body and it reacts by making antibodies?
The organism is capable of recognizing foreign elements (organisms, cells of another living being, etc ...) have gotten into it. Such recognition is possible because the foreign element has certain molecules that only he has.
are their antigens.
"The actions of the immune system are made on several fronts and orderly to eliminate the invader?
Each lymphocyte produces thousands of antibody molecules are released into the environment and attack him as the antigen carrier: those made by lifocitos B.
Other antibodies remain in the lymphocyte membrane which has manufactured and the lymphocyte, using antibodies, which attack the host cell antigen: T lymphocytes are
What would happen if the cells were destroyed defend us?
AIDS is a disease caused by the progressive distribution of the immune system by a virus is feared. It attacks the very core of immune system control "T4 lymphocytes" and paralyzes the defense even before they organized to combat it.
What is AIDS?
- S -
syndrome - I - immuno
- D - deficiency
- A - Acquired.
AIDS is a virus called HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is very small dimensions. And consists of a capsid protein or cover around two identical molecules of RNA, ribonicleico acid, which carries the genetic information of the virus.
How transmitting the AIDS virus?
- Sexual transmission.
- Sharing needles syringes and contaminated instruments.
- Blood transfusion and injection of blood products.
- From an infected mother to fetus.
Can we teach the immune system and get a better defense?
When lymphocytes have learned to make an antibody (which it takes a few days) and do not forget. So if
reappears immediately put the organism to produce antibodies and that is quickly eliminated. So a person who has had measles and will not suffer.
Unfortunately, in some disease-causing microorganisms are changes in antibody each year and, as no antibodies alen, the microbe causing the disease develops. Influenza is a typical case.
Can we prevent the immune system act and thus get a transplant is not rejected?
As the immune system's mission is to defend the body should be able to distinguish foreign elements from their own, so these are not targeted.
mode is identified by cells that carry antigens on their membrane. These antigens are dependent on the genes and differ in some and others. When an organ is transplanted, the recipient's body interprets invading cells have entered and attacks. This defensive reaction is stronger the more different are the antigens and, as these depend on genes, the possibility of rejection is less the closer the family relationship between donor and recipient, and genes that have more equal.
"With some chemicals, we can help our body fight disease by drugs?
Some drugs kill microorganisms and prevent others to play that produce no toxic harm us. There are medications that prevent the effects of infection without eliminating the infection or attack the microbe.
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