Index
topic.
1. know which is the energy.
2. distinguish different forms of energy.
3. understand the transformations of energy.
4. Sort energy sources.
5. Knowing renewable energy sources and non-renewable.
6. know the advantages and disadvantages of using different energy sources.
7. consumption and energy dissipation.
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ENERGY.
Energy is a property associated with the objects and substances and is reflected in the changes that occur in nature.
energy is a quantity whose unit of measurement in the SI is the joule (J). _____
WORK.
The work is one form of energy transfer between the bodies.
To work is necessary to exert a force on a body that moves.
work, W, of a force applied to a body is equal to the product of the component of motion, Fx, by displacement, S, of the body.
W = FX • S
Force is measured in newtons (N) and displacement in meters (m). _____
POWER.
is the reaction between work and time spent. Is measured in watts, W, in the International System.
Power measures how fast a job is done, ie the speed with which takes place the transparency of energy from one body to another.
P = W / t
_____ MECHANICAL ENERGY.
It is produced by mechanical forces, such as elasticity, gravity, etc, and possess the bodies of the made to move or be displaced from its equilibrium position. Can be of two types: kinetic and potential energy (gravitational and elastic) _____
KINETIC ENERGY.
is the energy associated with the bodies are in motion, depends on the mass and velocity of the body. Example: the wind moving the blades of a windmill.
Ec = 1 / 2 mv2
kinetic energy, Ec, is measured in Joules (J), the mass, m is measured in kilograms (Kg) and the velocity, v, in meters / second (m / s) . _____
ENERGY Gravitational potential.
is the energy that has a body located at a certain height above the ground. Example: water reservoir that appears to fall and move the propeller turbine.
Ep = mgh potential energy, Ep is measured in Joules (J), the mass, m is measured in kilograms (kg), the acceleration of gravity, g, m / sq (m / s2) and the height, h, in meters (m).
_____ FORMS OF ENERGY.
can manifest itself in different ways:
ENERGY ENDS.
movement is due to the particles that constitute matter.
A low body temperature will be less heat than one that is at higher temperatures.
heat transfer from one body to another due to a difference in temperature is called heat.
ELECTRICITY.
is caused by the movement of electrical charges within three conductive materials. This energy produces mainly 3 effects: light, thermal and magnetic. Example: The electric current carried by our homes and that are manifested light a bulb.
RADIANT ENERGY.
holding is the electromagnetic waves as the lux visible, radio waves, infrared (IR), etc. The main feature of this energy is that it can propagate in a vacuum, without any material support. Example: the electricity from the sun and that comes to Earth as light and heat.
chemical energy.
is that occurring in chemical reactions. A cell or battery with this type of energy. Example: the one with the coal and burning it manifests itself. ENERGY
NUCLEAR.
energy is stored in the nucleus of atoms and that is released in nuclear reactions of fission and fusion. Example: the energy of uranium, which is manifested in nuclear reactors.
nuclear fission.
fragmentation consists of a core "heavy" (many protons and neutrons) in two nuclei of approximately the same mass, while releasing more neutrons.
neutrons emerging from fission can break other nuclei and trigger new fissions in which neutrons released other than to repeat the process again and so on, a process called chain reaction.
nuclear fission.
consists of the union of multi-core "light" (with fewer protons and neutrons) to form another more "heavy" and stable, with a large release of energy. _____
ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS.
energy is in constant transformation from one form to another. Siemprepasa energy forms useful to less useful forms. _____
PRINCIPLE OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY.
The principle of conservation of energy states that energy is neither created nor destroyed, only transformed into other shapes.
In these transformations, the total energy remains constant, ie the total energy is the same before and after each transformation.
_____
degradation of energy. A
forms of energy can be transformed into others. In these energy transformations is degraded, it loses quality.
Heat is a degraded form of energy.
For example:
· electrical power, passing through a resistance.
· The chemical energy in the combustion of some chemicals.
· mechanical energy, by shock or friction.
is defined, therefore the performance as the ratio (in% percent) between the useful energy obtained and the energy provided in a transformation. _____
ENERGY SOURCES.
are existing resources in the nature of that humanity can gain energy use in their activities. _____
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES.
are those which, after use, can be regenerated naturally or artificially. Some of these renewable sources are subject to cycles that remain more or less constant in nature.
There are several renewable energy sources, including:
- Tidal (tides)
- hydropower (dams)
- Wind (wind)
- Solar (Sun)
- Energy from biomass (vegetation). _____
NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES.
are those found in a limited way in the placenta and whose consumption rate is greater than its regeneration.
There are several renewable energy sources, including:
· fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas)
· nuclear energy (fission and nuclear fusion)
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